#### Beyond Linux® From Scratch (systemd Edition) - Version r13.0-491

### Chapter 24. Graphical Environments

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# Xorg Applications

## Introduction to Xorg Applications

The Xorg applications provide the expected applications available in previous X Window implementations.

### Note

Development versions of BLFS may not build or run some packages properly if LFS or dependencies have been updated since the most recent stable versions of the books.

### Package Information

- Download (HTTP): https://www.x.org/pub/individual/app/

- Download size: 4.9 MB

- Estimated disk space required: 48 MB

- Estimated build time: 1.5 SBU (ignoring the time to download)

### Xorg Applications Dependencies

#### Required

libpng-1.6.58, Mesa-26.0.1, xbitmaps-1.1.4, and xcb-util-0.4.1

#### Optional

Linux-PAM-1.7.2 and both cairo-5c and Nickle (only if you wish to try to run the undocumented xkeystone script).

## Downloading Xorg Applications

First, create a list of files to be downloaded. This file will also be used to verify the integrity of the downloads when complete:

    cat > app-7.md5 << "EOF"
    36936e5bcf04b982ea87b4556d082061  iceauth-1.0.11.tar.xz
    83d943bbb0e3ab868cb0a7438e135544  mkfontscale-1.2.4.tar.xz
    b9efe1d21615c474b22439d41981beef  sessreg-1.1.4.tar.xz
    5a10223c3305f48bfb3b09e0a7a139d1  setxkbmap-1.3.5.tar.xz
    6484cd8ee30354aaaf8f490988f5f6ef  smproxy-1.0.8.tar.xz
    9cfdec89ad7bd86bcdfda150ae995955  xauth-1.1.5.tar.xz
    37063ccf902fe3d55a90f387ed62fe1f  xcmsdb-1.0.7.tar.xz
    f97e81b2c063f6ae9b18d4b4be7543f6  xcursorgen-1.0.9.tar.xz
    700556957773d378fa16a65a4406be0a  xdpyinfo-1.4.0.tar.xz
    830a54ef3ba338013e06a1b5b012b4bd  xdriinfo-1.0.8.tar.xz
    f29d1544f8dd126a1b85e2f7f728672d  xev-1.2.6.tar.xz
    687e42aa5afaec37f14da3072651c635  xgamma-1.0.8.tar.xz
    45c7e956941194e5f06a9c7307f5f971  xhost-1.0.10.tar.xz
    8e4d14823b7cbefe1581c398c6ab0035  xinput-1.6.4.tar.xz
    b8128ff6816897bd385ca437cd2886ee  xkbcomp-1.5.0.tar.xz
    543c0535367ca30e0b0dbcfa90fefdf9  xkbevd-1.1.6.tar.xz
    07483ddfe1d83c197df792650583ff20  xkbutils-1.0.6.tar.xz
    294db9393a9d8e6613e1e3dd4fe0273f  xkill-1.0.7.tar.xz
    da5b7a39702841281e1d86b7349a03ba  xlsatoms-1.1.4.tar.xz
    ab4b3c47e848ba8c3e47c021230ab23a  xlsclients-1.1.5.tar.xz
    ba2dd3db3361e374fefe2b1c797c46eb  xmessage-1.0.7.tar.xz
    0d66e07595ea083871048c4b805d8b13  xmodmap-1.0.11.tar.xz
    ab6c9d17eb1940afcfb80a72319270ae  xpr-1.2.0.tar.xz
    5ef4784b406d11bed0fdf07cc6fba16c  xprop-1.2.8.tar.xz
    211abd989eef11708cc0a4978d101014  xrandr-1.5.4.tar.xz
    c8629d5a0bc878d10ac49e1b290bf453  xrdb-1.2.2.tar.xz
    55003733ef417db8fafce588ca74d584  xrefresh-1.1.0.tar.xz
    18ff5cdff59015722431d568a5c0bad2  xset-1.2.5.tar.xz
    fa9a24fe5b1725c52a4566a62dd0a50d  xsetroot-1.1.3.tar.xz
    d698862e9cad153c5fefca6eee964685  xvinfo-1.1.5.tar.xz
    b0081fb92ae56510958024242ed1bc23  xwd-1.0.9.tar.xz
    c91201bc1eb5e7b38933be8d0f7f16a8  xwininfo-1.1.6.tar.xz
    3e741db39b58be4fef705e251947993d  xwud-1.0.7.tar.xz
    EOF

To download the needed files using Wget-1.25.0, use the following commands:

    mkdir app &&
    cd app &&
    grep -v '^#' ../app-7.md5 | awk '{print $2}' | wget -i- -c \
        -B https://www.x.org/pub/individual/app/ &&
    md5sum -c ../app-7.md5

## Installation of Xorg Applications

### Note

When installing multiple packages in a script, the installation needs to be done as the root user. There are three general options that can be used to do this:

1. Run the entire script as the root user (not recommended).

2. Use the sudo command from the Sudo-1.9.17p2 package.

3. Use su -c "command arguments" (quotes required) which will ask for the root password for every iteration of the loop.

One way to handle this situation is to create a short bash function that automatically selects the appropriate method. Once the command is set in the environment, it does not need to be set again.

    as_root()
    {
      if   [ $EUID = 0 ];        then $*
      elif [ -x /usr/bin/sudo ]; then sudo $*
      else                            su -c \\"$*\\"
      fi
    }

    export -f as_root

First, start a subshell that will exit on error:

    bash -e

Install all of the packages by running the following commands:

    for package in $(grep -v '^#' ../app-7.md5 | awk '{print $2}')
    do
      packagedir=${package%.tar.?z*}
      tar -xf $package
      pushd $packagedir
         ./configure $XORG_CONFIG
         make
         as_root make install
      popd
      rm -rf $packagedir
    done

Finally, exit the shell that was started earlier:

    exit

Unless you installed the optional dependencies, remove an undocumented script which is reported to be broken (xkeystone provided by the xrandr package).

    as_root rm -f $XORG_PREFIX/bin/xkeystone

## Contents

Installed Programs: iceauth, mkfontdir, mkfontscale, sessreg, setxkbmap, smproxy, xauth, xcmsdb, xcursorgen, xdpr, xdpyinfo, xdriinfo, xev, xgamma, xhost, xinput, xkbbell, xkbcomp, xkbevd, xkbvleds, xkbwatch, xkill, xlsatoms, xlsclients, xmessage, xmodmap, xpr, xprop, xrandr, xrdb, xrefresh, xset, xsetroot, xvinfo, xwd, xwininfo, and xwud
Installed Libraries: None
Installed Directories: None

### Short Descriptions

iceauth | is the ICE authority file utility
mkfontdir | creates an index of X font files in a directory
mkfontscale | creates an index of scalable font files for X
sessreg | manages utmp/wtmp entries for non-init clients
setxkbmap | sets the keyboard using the X Keyboard Extension
smproxy | is the Session Manager Proxy
xauth | is the X authority file utility
xcmsdb | is the Device Color Characterization utility for the X Color Management System
xcursorgen | creates an X cursor file from a collection of PNG images
xdpr | dumps an X window directly to a printer
xdpyinfo | is a display information utility for X
xdriinfo | queries configuration information of DRI drivers
xev | prints contents of X events
xgamma | alters a monitor's gamma correction through the X server
xhost | is a server access control program for X
xinput | is a utility to configure and test X input devices
xkbbell | is an XKB utility program that raises a bell event
xkbcomp | compiles an XKB keyboard description
xkbevd | is the XKB event daemon
xkbvleds | shows the XKB status of keyboard LEDs
xkbwatch | monitors modifier keys and LEDs
xkill | kills a client by its X resource
xlsatoms | lists interned atoms defined on the server
xlsclients | lists client applications running on a display
xmessage | displays a message or query in a window
xmodmap | is a utility for modifying keymaps and pointer button mappings in X
xpr | prints an X window dump
xprop | is a property displayer for X
xrandr | is a primitive command line interface to RandR extension
xrdb | is the X server resource database utility
xrefresh | refreshes all or part of an X screen
xset | is the user preference utility for X
xsetroot | is the root window parameter setting utility for X
xvinfo | prints out X-Video extension adaptor information
xwd | dumps an image of an X window
xwininfo | is a window information utility for X
xwud | is an image displayer for X

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